War Journalism as a Tool of Information Resistance: The Ukrainian Experience

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the development of war journalism in Ukraine in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war, as well as to identify the specific features of covering military events in contemporary Ukrainian media, taking into account informational, technological, and ethical challenges.

Research methodology. The methodological basis of the study consists of a combination of general scientific and specific research methods. In particular, the methods of analysis and synthesis were used to generalize theoretical approaches to understanding war journalism; the comparative method was applied to identify differences between traditional and modern journalism in wartime conditions; and content analysis was used to examine materials from Ukrainian media, including the journal Science and Defense, Army FM radio, and Military Television of Ukraine. In addition, the descriptive method was employed to characterize the specifics of journalistic practices, while the method of generalization was used to formulate conclusions regarding the role of war journalism in the modern information space.

Results. The study has shown that contemporary war journalism in Ukraine functions as an important element of information security and national resilience. It is characterized by a high level of оперативність (timeliness), emotional intensity, and responsibility for the accuracy of information. It has been found that the key features include the combination of informational and mobilization functions, active use of modern technologies (drones, social media, online platforms), as well as the blending of journalistic genres and the use of artistic techniques.

The research also demonstrates that war journalists perform not only an informative but also a humanitarian function, contributing to the formation of national identity and counteracting disinformation. It has also been established that modern media actively adapt to wartime conditions by using multimedia formats and digital tools for оперативне (prompt) coverage of events.

The scientific novelty of the study lies in the comprehensive understanding of war journalism as a multidimensional phenomenon that combines informational, communicative, technological, and humanitarian functions in the context of modern warfare. The study уточнює (clarifies) the transformation of journalistic practices under the influence of digitalization and information warfare, and substantiates the role of war journalism as a tool for countering propaganda and shaping public consciousness. Special attention is paid to the analysis of contemporary Ukrainian media as an example of journalism adapting to extreme conditions.

The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of applying its results in the professional activities of journalists, particularly those working in wartime conditions. The findings can also be used in the training of future journalists and in the development of academic courses on war journalism, media literacy, and information security. Furthermore, the results may contribute to improving state information policy and increasing the effectiveness of countering disinformation during wartime.

Key words: war journalism, information security, information warfare, Russian-Ukrainian war, ethical dilemmas.