State and Regions. Series: Social Communications
Cognitive Dimension in Research on Information Wars and Social Communications
The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the evolution of theoretical approaches to information and cognitive wars and to outline the conceptual differences between these phenomena within the social communications paradigm in the context of contemporary hybrid threats, and, based on an analysis of specific cases – Russia's aggression against Ukraine and Operation Doppelgänger – to identify the mechanisms and manifestations of cognitive operations in the modern digital environment. The research methodology is based on an interdisciplinary approach that integrates comparative analysis of theoretical frameworks for conceptualizing information and cognitive wars in Western and Ukrainian scholarly traditions, system-structural method, discourse analysis of NATO doctrinal documents and scientific publications, historical-retrospective method, and theoretical synthesis aimed at integrating diverse approaches into a unified analytical framework. Results. The study established qualitative differences between information and cognitive wars in terms of their object of influence, purpose, technological basis, and time horizon. Two cases of cognitive operations were examined: the evolution of Russia’s aggression against Ukraine from classical information warfare to complex cognitive operations (2014–2026), and Operation Doppelganger as an example of targeted cognitive influence on voters in EU countries, documented during the 2024 European Parliament elections. The novelty of the study lies in a systematic conceptualization of the differences between information and cognitive wars within the social communications paradigm and in the introduction of a comparative analysis of two specific cognitive influence operations into scholarly discourse, demonstrating distinct strategies for shaping the cognitive environment of target societies. The practical significance lies in the formulation of theoretically grounded approaches to countering cognitive operations at the level of media literacy, strategic communications, and public policy under conditions of hybrid threats, which may serve as a basis for developing institutional mechanisms of cognitive resilience in democratic societies. Key words: cognitive warfare, information warfare, social communications, hybrid conflicts, cognitive dominance, strategic communications, NATO, Doppelganger, disinformation.
Copyright (c) 2026 State and Regions. Series: Social Communications
Technologies of Socio-Cultural Engineering of Historical Memory in Soviet Media Discourse
The purpose of the article is to analyze the socio-communicative essence of «historical memory» as a result of purposeful political influence on social communication. The author aims to reveal the functional mechanisms of the Soviet «politics of memory», explore the communication strategies for forming conceptual models of the past, and determine the role of institutional (state) resources in the process of programming mass consciousness. The research methodology is based on an interdisciplinary approach that combines the tools of social communication and postcolonial studies. The study employs the method of analyzing legal and regulatory acts in the sphere of state administration of the USSR period, monitoring the public activities of ideological institutions, and conducting content analysis of media content that shaped the historical memory discourse within the framework of state orders. Discourse analysis facilitated the identification of hidden manipulative strategies in official texts and media messages. Research results. It is proven that the Soviet politics of memory was implemented through two main conceptual models: the «national» model (controlled upbringing within the limits of permitted ethnographism) and the «consolidating» model (the creation of the «Soviet people»). It is established that the basis of socio-cultural engineering was the creation of «social illusions» – narratively complete texts that were artificially superimposed on historical reality. It is found that the Soviet communication space functioned as a closed system of «history management», where a «socially-typed individual», deprived of critical thinking and national identity, was formed through the strategy of «averaging» the recipient. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that, for the first time within a socio-communicative approach, the interpretation of «politics of memory» as a real technology of political management, rather than just a metaphorical concept, is substantiated. The author proposes a new classification of socio-communication models of memory (manipulative, conventional, artificially constructed, hybridized), which allows for a deeper analysis of the mechanisms for transmitting images of the past under the conditions of a state monopoly on information. The practical significance. The results of the study can be applied in developing modern strategies for the de-occupation of consciousness and countering hybrid threats in the media sphere. The materials of the article are valuable for specialists in state memory policy, political technologists, historians, and media researchers involved in overcoming post-Soviet mental stereotypes and strengthening Ukrainian national identity. Key words: historical memory, communication strategies, media discourse, postcolonial studies, social illusions, management of history.
Press of the Ukrainian Women’s Association of Canada (UWAC) and the Ukrainian Women’s Organization of Canada (UWOC) as an Expressor of National Tasks of Women in Emigration: First Steps
The purpose of the study is to clarify, systematize and introduce into scientific circulation factual material on the information and publishing activities of the Ukrainian Society of Ukrainian Emigration before and after World War II, their impact on social processes in the female environment of Ukrainian emigration in Canada. The methodological basis of the study is the principles of historicism, comprehensiveness, objectivity, and reliability. The study is based on informational, axiological, cultural, and systemic approaches. The following general scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, and generalization. Comparative, descriptive, and problem-chronological methods, as well as cause-and-effect analysis, were used to solve the research tasks. Results. The prerequisites for the formation of the Ukrainian Society of Ukrainian Emigration and Ukrainian Emigration are outlined. The socio-political and ideological conditions of the information activities of the Ukrainian Society of Ukrainian Emigration and Ukrainian Emigration are clarified. The main directions of the information activities of the Ukrainian Society of Ukrainian Emigration and Ukrainian Emigration, their similarities and differences are determined. The scientific novelty lies in the reproduction of the information activities of the Ukrainian Journalism and the Ukrainian Press in the interwar and postwar period in Canada, the structure and ideological and thematic component of the publications of the Ukrainian Journalism and the Ukrainian Press have been analyzed. Sources that have not yet been the subject of scientific analysis have been introduced into circulation, and some dates have been clarified. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in the process of studying the courses «History of Ukrainian Journalism» and «History of Publishing». Key words: women’s magazine, women’s movement, women’s page, «Women’s World», tasks, Ukrainian Women’s Organization of Canada, «Promin», section, Ukrainian Women’s Association of Canada.
Representation of Emotional Content in the Media Discourse of War (Based on the Material of the Program «I Syla, i Volia» on the Channel «Ternopil-1»)
The purpose of the article is to identify the features of emotional content and the main types of emotional narratives in media materials about the war, based on an interview with former prisoner of war Andriy Bazyura in the program «Both Power and Will». The object of the study is the media content of regional outlets covering military events, while the subject is the emotional characteristics and narrative features of interviews about the experience of being held in Russian captivity. Research methodology. The methodological framework of the study consisted of: discourse analysis for deconstructing wartime media discourse; content analysis and linguistic analysis for identifying emotionally charged vocabulary; and the narrative method for examining the structure of monologues about traumatic experiences. Additionally, an analysis of verbal and nonverbal means was applied to examine the role of paralinguistics in amplifying the emotional tone of the broadcast, a quantitative method to identify the correlation between emotions, and a hermeneutic method to interpret the deeper meanings of the lived experience and its impact on viewers’ empathy. Results. The article analyzes the features of the emotional content of media materials about the war based on the program «Both Power and Will» of the TV channel «Ternopil-1». The relevance of the study is обусловлена transformation of Ukraine’s media space under conditions of full-scale war, when media perform not only informational but also mobilizing, consolidating, and emotionally supportive functions. The emotional component of media discourse influences the formation of public opinion, fosters empathy, and contributes to the development of a collective narrative of war. The study considers approaches to the analysis of emotions in media within the frameworks of the linguistics of emotions, media linguistics, and communication theory. The paper analyzes the structure of the emotional discourse of the interview, constructed as a personalized monologue narrative. It is established that the emotional organization of the material is formed through thematic blocks (the beginning of the invasion, captivity, conditions of detention, survival strategies, and post-release reflection). The dominance of negative emotions of traumatic experience (?62%), balanced by positive emotions (?38%) that perform a stabilizing function, is revealed. It is shown that emotionality in the media text is realized through a combination of verbal and non-verbal means, while personalized testimonies contribute to the formation of audience empathy. The novelty lies in the comprehensive analysis of the emotional discourse of a regional media interview as a personalized war narrative, particularly in identifying the correlation between negative and positive emotions and their functions in shaping media reality and public perception of military events. Practical significance. The findings can be applied in journalism and media communication practices for creating effective emotional content, in academic courses on media linguistics and social communications, as well as in developing strategies for covering war-related topics with consideration of their impact on the audience and the formation of collective memory. Key words: media discourse, war journalism, interview, emotional content, verbal means of communication, nonverbal means of communication, channel «Ternopil-1», «I syla, i volia».
Social Communications of the Ukrainian Community in the USA through the Lens of T. Shevchenko Radio Broadcasts in the Early 1930s
The purpose of the study is to provide an analytical insight into the social communications of the Ukrainian community in the USA through the lens of radio broadcasts dedicated to Taras Shevchenko in the early 1930s (1930–1935). The study aims to examine the dynamics and substantive content of these radio projects, as well as to identify key trends in popularizing the Kobzar’s heritage through the radio initiatives of Myron Surmach and other Ukrainian media activists, highlighting their role in national consolidation and resistance to assimilation. The research methodology is based on a combination of general scientific and specialized methods: monitoring and content analysis of the archival materials of the «Svoboda» newspaper to establish an empirical database; a comparative-historical method to track the evolution of broadcast formats; a method of media event reconstruction to recreate the structure of landmark broadcasts; and discourse analysis to examine the rhetoric of radio appeals as a tool for the social consolidation of the diaspora. The results. It is proved that during the period under study, a unique media phenomenon emerged – the «Shevchenko Month», which transformed traditional forms of honoring the poet into specific socio-communicative formats (radio concerts, bilingual lectures, and literary-musical compositions). It has been established that the March program cycles became the first successful example of media crowdfunding, where the patriotic enthusiasm of the listeners was converted into financial support for the Ukrainian word in the USA. Novelty. For the first time, based on the systematization of little-known archival sources from 1930–1935, a holistic model of «Shevchenko» radio broadcasting in the USA has been reconstructed. Practical significance. The research results can be utilized in developing lecture courses on the history of Ukrainian journalism, media management, and socio-communicative technologies. The experience of financial and organizational self-organization of ethnic media in the 1930s is highly relevant for contemporary cultural diplomacy projects and independent media initiatives of the Ukrainian diaspora. Key words: history of radio, radio of the Ukrainian emigration, socio-communicative technologies, Myron Surmach, Taras Shevchenko, Ukrainian diaspora, Ukrainian-language broadcasting.
War Journalism as a Tool of Information Resistance: The Ukrainian Experience
The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the development of war journalism in Ukraine in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war, as well as to identify the specific features of covering military events in contemporary Ukrainian media, taking into account informational, technological, and ethical challenges. Research methodology. The methodological basis of the study consists of a combination of general scientific and specific research methods. In particular, the methods of analysis and synthesis were used to generalize theoretical approaches to understanding war journalism; the comparative method was applied to identify differences between traditional and modern journalism in wartime conditions; and content analysis was used to examine materials from Ukrainian media, including the journal Science and Defense, Army FM radio, and Military Television of Ukraine. In addition, the descriptive method was employed to characterize the specifics of journalistic practices, while the method of generalization was used to formulate conclusions regarding the role of war journalism in the modern information space. Results. The study has shown that contemporary war journalism in Ukraine functions as an important element of information security and national resilience. It is characterized by a high level of оперативність (timeliness), emotional intensity, and responsibility for the accuracy of information. It has been found that the key features include the combination of informational and mobilization functions, active use of modern technologies (drones, social media, online platforms), as well as the blending of journalistic genres and the use of artistic techniques. The research also demonstrates that war journalists perform not only an informative but also a humanitarian function, contributing to the formation of national identity and counteracting disinformation. It has also been established that modern media actively adapt to wartime conditions by using multimedia formats and digital tools for оперативне (prompt) coverage of events. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the comprehensive understanding of war journalism as a multidimensional phenomenon that combines informational, communicative, technological, and humanitarian functions in the context of modern warfare. The study уточнює (clarifies) the transformation of journalistic practices under the influence of digitalization and information warfare, and substantiates the role of war journalism as a tool for countering propaganda and shaping public consciousness. Special attention is paid to the analysis of contemporary Ukrainian media as an example of journalism adapting to extreme conditions. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of applying its results in the professional activities of journalists, particularly those working in wartime conditions. The findings can also be used in the training of future journalists and in the development of academic courses on war journalism, media literacy, and information security. Furthermore, the results may contribute to improving state information policy and increasing the effectiveness of countering disinformation during wartime. Key words: war journalism, information security, information warfare, Russian-Ukrainian war, ethical dilemmas.
Value Transformation of Media Text in Coverage of Veterans' Policy
The aim of the article is to identify and characterize the main vectors of the value transformation of media texts in the coverage of veteran policy, as well as to determine the specifics of changing models of veterans’ representation in the contemporary Ukrainian media space. Research methodology. The study applies a constructivist approach to the analysis of media texts as an instrument of the social construction of reality; discourse analysis to identify the peculiarities of linguistic practices and normative models of veterans’ representation; frame analysis to determine dominant models of interpreting veteran-related issues; content analysis of media materials to reveal the specifics of covering veteran policy; and case analysis to examine particular practices of solutions journalism, ethical representation, and the activities of niche veteran media. Results. The transformation of media texts in the coverage of veteran policy is manifested in the transition from an emotional and situational model to a systemic, analytical, and ethically balanced discourse. The study identifies five main vectors of this transformation: overcoming the “hero/victim” dichotomy and establishing a model of subjectivity; the pragmatization of discourse and the development of solutions journalism; ethical recalibration and the formation of new media sensitivity; the transformation of the communication structure of the media space through the development of niche veteran media; and the institutionalization of veteran-related issues through their cross-sectoral integration into different segments of media discourse. Scientific novelty. The article identifies the main vectors of the value transformation of media texts in the coverage of veteran policy and substantiates the media text as a space for the formation of new models of veterans’ representation in the context of the social construction of reality. Practical significance. The findings of the study may be used in the development of professional media guidelines for covering veteran-related issues, improving journalistic standards for reporting on sensitive topics, and supporting the processes of veterans’ social integration. Key words: media text, veteran policy, media discourse, social construction of reality, veterans’ representation, solutions journalism, niche media.
Soft Power Technologies in the Information Space of the «United News» Telethon
The study is aimed at determining the features of implementing soft power technologies in the information space of the «United News» telethon under martial law. The research methodology is based on a combination of document analysis of regulatory legal acts, content analysis of telethon materials, elements of critical discourse analysis, as well as secondary analysis of sociological data on media consumption and public trust. Additionally, an analysis of the digital presentation of content through the headlines of online broadcasts was carried out, which allowed us to assess the features of communicative strategies in the digital environment. The results of the study showed that the telethon functions as a strategic communication tool, within which soft power technologies are implemented through the consolidation of the information space, the symbolic construction of social unity, the practice of information verification, humanitarian narratives and international communication. At the same time, the risks of the transformation of communications towards mobilization, populist or propaganda practices were identified, which are associated with the centralization of the agenda, the increase in the emotionality of the broadcast, the limited representation of alternative positions and the problems of financing the format. A tendency towards a gradual decrease in public trust was also recorded, which directly affects the effectiveness of soft power technologies. The scientific novelty lies in the systematic analysis of the telethon as a space for the implementation of soft power technologies with the identification of zones of transition to populist and propaganda models of communication and the definition of criteria for their demarcation. The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the obtained results to improve state information policy, increase the transparency of the telethon, preserve media pluralism and strengthen public trust in strategic communications in crisis conditions. Key words: soft power technologies, telethon «United News», strategic communications, information policy, public trust, media pluralism, propaganda.
Liberal-Democratic Media and Populism: Interrelation and Antagonism, or What is The Use of Journalistic Ethics Here
The purpose of the study is to identify key points of contact and interdependencies between liberal-democratic journalism, populist content in the media, and journalistic ethics. Research methodology. An analytical method was applied (analysis of articles, scientific publications, studies, and other sources with regard to the title problem of the article), which allowed us to study the features and specifics of populist media content and the context that shapes the populist direction of media practice. SWOT analysis allowed us to determine the paradoxical interdependence of liberal-democratic and populist content, media, and audience stratification. Using the inductive method, it became possible to summarize the conclusions that follow from the main ideas of the article and generalize the results of our own reasoning. Results. Through a literature review and theoretical discussion of the title problem, this article rethinks the crisis of Ukrainian media in the context of changes in civil society caused by the rise of populism, and seeks countermeasures to preserve the status quo of liberal-democratic media. In particular, the author’s considerations focus on the principles that traditional content producers require to overcome the crisis they face in their relations with populist civil society, including populist media and communication platforms, and which will contribute to the restoration of trust in professional media. This article quite logically captures a significant dilemma that communication studies as a science and journalism as a media practice face in connection with populism, the social impact of which is growing: journalism, while not resisting the negative impact of populism on liberal democracy, at the same time supports liberal democracy itself. Prospects for further study of the analyzed problem are identified. Novelty. For the first time in the Ukrainian segment of communication studies, populism has been analyzed as a format of media practice, the popularity of which became possible thanks to the development of liberal-democratic journalism. The practical significance lies in the fact that the results obtained can be used for further scientific research of any models of media functioning that are related to populist content. Key words: audience, content, democracy, ethics, liberalism, populism, society.
The Exhibition «Ukraine WOW» as a Creative Tool of Strategic Communications Support
The purpose of the article is to reveal the potential possibilities of creative industries as a tool for relaying strategic narratives. Research methodology. While considering the phenomenon of strategic communications as an important tool in maintaining and securing the national information space, methods of analysis and synthesis were used; while studying and describing the creative solutions of the exhibition, the methods of case study, reception, comparative and descriptive methods were used, and in summing up – the method of generalization was used. Results. The article describes strategic communications as a powerful information and communication toolkit that contributes not only to the implementation of the state's interaction with society, but also to the preservation of the country's national information field during external threats, in particular, hybrid warfare. The potential possibilities of creative industries, in particular exhibition activities, as an important component in broadcasting the grand narrative of Ukrainian identity are reflected on. The analysis of one of the modern communication practices the exhibition «Ukraine WOW» was carried out. Based on its reception, the means of dialogizing the process of interaction with audiences are described, namely digitalization technologies, interactivity, elements of added reality, installations that encourage active understanding, encoded in the exposition of national meanings and contents. The ability of this type of exhibitions to adapt depending on the social mood was revealed (a comparison of the content of 2019 and 2025/2026 exhibitions was made). Active public involvement and audience feedback on these events were traced. The novelty of the article is in comprehending creative industries, in particular, exhibition activities, as a powerful PR tool in supporting strategic communications and a channel of broadcasting the narrative of identity, as well as in studying the creative potential of expositions as a communication platform in the interaction of the state with the public. The practical significance of the article is in the study of modern practices of creative industries, in particular the exhibition «Ukraine WOW», in supporting strategic communications; understanding the potential of communication tools in interaction with audiences and broadcasting the narrative of Ukrainian identity, which can serve as a demonstrative model for the application of relevant solutions in similar experiences. Key words: strategic communications, national narrative, grand narrative, Ukrainian identity, information space, information confrontation, creative industries, creative solutions, exhibition activity, exhibition «Ukraine WOW».
Strategic Business Communications Management in Ukraine: Challenges and Trends
The purpose of the article is to analyze the challenges and trends in the transformation of strategic business communications management during the period of Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine. Research methodology. To clarify the main goal of the study of the challenges and trends in the transformation of strategic business communications management during the period of the full-scale invasion, which are presented in the information and communication space of Ukraine as a representation of the implementation of the crisis communication policy of business, we used the following methods: analysis of strategic communication activities of business structures during a full-scale invasion, generalization - when determining the main trends in strategic business communications management in Ukraine during the war period, and descriptive – when considering the main challenges faced by business companies after February 24, 2022. Results. The article focuses on the consideration of the challenges and trends in the transformation of strategic business communications management during the period of Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine. The emphasis is placed on the fact that the tasks of strategic business communications management in Ukraine have undergone significant changes, they have been adapted to the new military reality and optimized communication processes in accordance with new challenges. The war in Ukraine forced business to pay attention to the relevance of maintaining its own communication policy, the need for an active presence in the information and media space, and the ability to retain the attention and loyalty of its target audiences even in times of crisis. The concept of strategic communications management is revealed, which in the work is considered as a complex of communicative actions of a business company aimed at achieving certain communicative goals that allow a business to survive in competition in any conditions of the internal and external environment, especially in conditions of uncertainty and instability, which is war. It is noted that the transformational trends in strategic business communications management in Ukraine were due to the challenges of wartime. Anti-crisis management of communication strategies is characterized by a rejection of long-term and a focus on short-term and medium-term goals; an emphasis on online communications, on changing the content of corporate websites, corporate pages on social networks and other platforms, reorientation to new audience requests, on informing target groups about the course of events related to the activities of enterprises in wartime, on crisis measures for the security and assistance of citizens of Ukraine. Informing about patriotism and social corporate responsibility of business was significantly embedded in the strategic management of communications during the war. The scientific novelty of the study lies in identifying the main challenges and trends that characterize the transformation processes of strategic management of communications of business organizations and structures during wartime, which are presented in the information space of Ukraine in the period from February 24, 2022 to the present. The practical significance of the research results lies in the possibility of their use in the preparation of educational programs in communication management and public relations, training specialists in the field of communication management and in the development of educational and scientific courses on the specified problem. Key words: communication, strategic communication management, business communication activities, corporate social responsibility, crisis, war.
Transformation of the Formula-1 Brand: From Niche Motorsport to a Global Phenomenon of the Entertainment Industry
Research objective. A comprehensive analysis of Formula 1’s transformation as a marketing platform and global entertainment phenomenon – from a niche technocratic motorsport to a mainstream media product – identifying the key drivers of the rebranding success and uncovering the mechanisms by which a sports brand adapts to the demands of the digital age. Methodology. The study employs content analysis of media materials and a case study methodology. The statistical base comprises official reports from Formula One Group, Nielsen Sports, Repucom, Forbes, and SportsPro Media. The theoretical framework draws on D. Aaker’s brand equity concept, the Uses & Gratifications theory (Sundar & Limperos, 2013), C. Fombrun’s reputation management model, Fullerton and Merz’s four-level sports branding model, as well as the works of K. Clow, D. Baack, M. Shank, and M. Lyberger. Results. The study establishes that F1’s transformation encompassed all four levels of sports branding simultaneously – product, institutional, event, and personal. Five strategic initiatives of the new PR architecture are identified: paddock openness, personalised driver PR, CSR communications, an inclusive narrative, and enhanced crisis protocols. The omnichannel digital communications model is characterised, featuring differentiated content across YouTube, TikTok, Instagram, X, Twitch, and podcasts. Systemic strategic risks are identified, including dependence on sporting competition, the threat of an authenticity crisis, conflict between traditional and new audiences, and media oversaturation. Novelty. For the first time in the domestic scholarly tradition, a comprehensive interdisciplinary analysis of Formula 1’s brand transformation is conducted through the lens of an integrated brand communications model that synthesises theories of sports branding, reputation management, and digital media. An original comparative characterisation of F1’s communications policy before and after 2017 is proposed across eleven parameters. It is demonstrated that the transition from a B2B to a B2C model within a sports organisation constitutes a realised example of systemic rebranding capable of simultaneously rejuvenating the audience, expanding geographic reach, and increasing monetisation without compromising sports identity. Practical implications. The transformation mechanisms identified – including the appointment of a dedicated PR structure, an omnichannel strategy, narrative personalisation, data technology integration, OTT partner engagement, and systematic CSR communication – are scalable to other sports leagues and federations. The material presented is suitable for use in academic courses on sports marketing, brand management, and digital communications. Key words: Formula 1, Liberty Media, sports branding, digital transformation, brand management, sponsorship, storytelling, Drive to Survive, multi-platform strategy.
Forms of Advertising and PR Communication of Contemporary Cultural Institutions: The Ex-perience of the National Museum of Lithuania
The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations for transforming advertising and public relations communications of contemporary cultural institutions within a semiotic framework and, based on the case of the National Museum of Lithuania, to identify effective communication forms. Research methodology. The study is grounded in a systemic approach and employs semiotic analysis, case study, observation, and descriptive methods. Results. Cultural institutions are conceptualized as communicative platforms operating within specific semiotic spaces. The reasons for the disengagement of passive audience segments are explained from a semiotic perspective. A three-level model for modernizing advertising and PR communications is proposed, encompassing: (1) encoding/decoding of cultural signs and symbols, (2) their transmission, and (3) their interpretation. The experience of the National Museum of Lithuania, particularly the «House of Histories», demonstrates how the transformation of semiotic tools and the use of contemporary technologies can turn passive observers into active co-creators of cultural meanings while preserving authenticity. Novelty. The study substantiates a semiotic approach to transforming advertising and PR communications and develops a three-level modernization model aimed at enhancing accessibility, expanding access to cultural symbols, and personalizing interpretation. Practical significance. The results may serve as a roadmap for improving communication strategies of cultural institutions, particularly in Ukraine, in the context of digitalization and societal change, and can be applied in professional practice and education in advertising and public relations. Key words: advertising, public relations, semiotics of culture, communicative platform, museum communication, audience in communication.
Professional Journalism Standards and the Challenges of Telegram News Channels in Ukraine
The purpose of this article is to analyze the professional standards of journalism in Ukraine, with a particular focus on the ethical challenges faced by journalists during the full-scale war triggered by the Russian Federation. The work aims to examine how Ukrainian media outlets, including traditional press, online platforms, and Telegram channels, adhere to journalistic principles such as objectivity, separation of facts from commentary, and accuracy. Moreover, it investigates the impact of misinformation, manipulative content, and propaganda on public opinion and national security, highlighting the evolving role of journalists in a conflict zone. Research methodology. The study employs a qualitative and descriptive research methodology. It is based on the analysis of academic literature, professional guidelines, and ethical codes, as well as monitoring materials from Ukrainian media organizations such as the Detector Media, the Institute of Mass Information, and the Pylyp Orlyk Institute of Democracy. In addition, specific Telegram channels were examined to understand their influence on information dissemination and public perception. The research methodology includes content analysis, comparative analysis, and case study evaluation, focusing on the accuracy, neutrality, and reliability of media content, particularly under wartime conditions. Results. The results demonstrate that Ukrainian journalists face significant ethical and operational challenges during wartime reporting. While traditional media maintain professional standards, online platforms and Telegram channels often struggle with balancing rapid news dissemination and fact verification. The study highlights that adherence to international standards – such as the principles of independence, accuracy, transparency, and separation of facts from opinions – is critical for maintaining public trust and countering propaganda. Findings indicate that misinformation spreads rapidly on digital platforms, and unverified sources can compromise journalistic integrity. However, journalists actively adapt to new challenges, developing practical strategies to uphold objectivity while ensuring timely reporting, thus reinforcing the societal role of media in providing reliable information even in conflict zones. The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive approach to examining both traditional and digital media platforms under the conditions of armed conflict, highlighting Telegram’s unique role in information dissemination. The practical significance includes recommendations for improving journalistic practices, enhancing media literacy, and developing automated tools for fact-checking and separating commentary from facts. The study provides insights for media regulators, journalists, and policymakers to strengthen ethical standards and resilience against manipulative content, thereby contributing to the broader goal of ensuring information security and informed public discourse in Ukraine. Key words: journalism ethics, professional standards, media literacy, Telegram channels, misinformation, Ukraine, wartime journalism, information security.
Creative Collaborations in the Advertising Industry of Ukraine
The purpose of this study is to determine the role of creative collaborations among enterprises in the advertising industry in strengthening an agency’s brand, enhancing its competitive position in the market, and implementing social responsibility initiatives. Research methodology. In the process of reviewing and systematizing the theoretical and methodological framework on the implementation of creative collaborations in advertising agencies, a set of research methods was employed. The descriptive and systems approaches were used to examine collaborations as a component of integrated marketing communications. The grouping and comparative methods enabled the comparison of different collaboration practices within the advertising industry and the assessment of their effectiveness. The case study method was applied for an in-depth analysis of the «BORSHCH» project as an example of a collaborative approach. Content analysis was used to examine communication materials, publications, and presentations related to the project in order to identify key messages and interaction tools. The results. Creative collaborations play a crucial role in the development of modern advertising agencies, as they ensure the synergy of knowledge, resources, and creative approaches. In the context of intense competition and the dynamic nature of the digital environment, agencies are required to shift from isolated solutions to partnership-based interaction models. Collaborations enable the development of comprehensive communication strategies that integrate various tools, ranging from SMM to PR and creative production. The case of the «BORSCHT» project demonstrates that a collaborative approach contributes not only to increasing the effectiveness of advertising campaigns but also to the formation of professional communities, the development of networking, and the strengthening of participants’ reputational capital. Such initiatives illustrate the transition of the Ukrainian advertising market toward a model of open interaction, where partnership is not merely an additional tool but a fundamental principle of operation. Creative collaborations thus represent a strategic factor in enhancing the competitiveness of advertising agencies, ensuring innovation, adaptability, and resilience in the modern communication environment. The novelty of the research lies in rethinking the role of creative collaborations in the advertising industry as a powerful tool of integrated marketing communications that determines a company’s strong position in the advertising services market. Practical significance. The findings of this research can be applied in teaching practical courses in advertising management, advertising, advertising business, and the organization of advertising and PR agencies, as well as in training programs for professionals working in communication, advertising, and digital agencies. Key words: advertising industry, advertising agency, creative agency, creative collaboration, integrated marketing communications, social responsibility.
Information Turbulence as a Challenge to the Audience’s Psychological Resilience
The purpose of the study is a theoretical and empirical analysis of informational turbulence as a phenomenon that influences the psychological resilience of the audience under the conditions of infodemic, hybrid informational influences, and war. Accordingly, the study substantiates communication and psychological approaches aimed at strengthening this resilience. The methodology of the research is focused on two aspects of analytical comprehension of the topic. The first aspect is a theoretical analysis of professional sources devoted to infodemic, the experience of information consumption in the conditions of war, and informational resilience, as well as the interpretation of contemporary empirical studies on these issues. The second aspect concerns practices of media content consumption and trust in information sources, which involves the generalization of sociological research data, in particular studies on the attitudes of the Ukrainian population toward the COVID-19 pandemic. Results. The article analyzes the specifics of contemporary (dis)information consumption and describes how different groups of the target audience react to a turbulent informational environment. The content of the concept of «informational and psychological turbulence» is specified. The consequences of the combination of external and internal factors that lead to toxic informational practices and the simultaneous formation of negative emotional states are described. A set of instruments and techniques is characterized, which can be interpreted as a basic toolkit for the formation of «informational immunity» as the foundation of psychological resilience. Such instruments and techniques include, in particular, strategic communication, media literacy programs, «psychological inoculation», psychological self-regulation, etc. The novelty of the study lies in the proposed model for integrating fragmented results of contemporary research into a holistic framework of «informational turbulence – psychological resilience – communication interventions». This model simultaneously takes into account the nature of the consequences of informational turbulence, the context of crisis situations, as well as the specific features of information dissemination and consumption in the modern world. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used for the development of strategic communication of public authorities, as well as for the design of psycho-informational support programs for the population under conditions of war and crisis phenomena. This includes the development of «psychological inoculation» campaigns against disinformation, media literacy courses, and approaches to constructive and emotionally sensitive state communication. Key words: informational turbulence, psychological resilience, resilience, infodemic, disinformation, media literacy, «psychological inoculation», strategic communication.
The Organizational Structure of an Advertising Agency’s Creative Department as a Communi-cation and Management Mechanism
The purpose of the article is to analyse and compare models of the organizational structure of the creative department of an advertising agency and to substantiate the role of the traffic manager as a mechanism for optimizing project coordination and workload management in a multi-project environment. The methodological framework of the study is based on general scientific and specialized research methods, including analysis and synthesis to conceptualize theoretical approaches to the organizational structure of the creative department; the structural-functional method to identify the roles and functions of participants in the creative process; the comparative method to examine different organizational models of creative department operations; and the generalization method to formulate conclusions regarding the effectiveness of management mechanisms in advertising agencies. Results. The article examines the organizational structure of the creative department of an advertising agency as a system for managing the professional activities of specialists aimed at implementing advertising projects. Its essence, key elements, and functions are analysed. A comparative analysis of the matrix structure, the line-and-functional structure, and the matrix structure with a traffic manager is conducted. Their advantages and disadvantages are identified from the perspectives of authority distribution, project coordination, and staff workload management. The study substantiates the expediency of distinguishing the administrative management of creative projects as a separate area of activity, particularly through the introduction of the traffic manager position; systematizes the functional responsibilities of key specialists; and reveals the specific features of their interaction. Scientific novelty lies in the comprehensive conceptualization of organizational structures of advertising agency creative departments as a communication and management mechanism under conditions of project-oriented activity, as well as in clarifying the role of the traffic manager as an institutionalized mechanism of intra-organizational interaction. Practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of applying the proposed approaches to optimize management procedures, reduce the risks of project deadline violations and staff overload, and improve the quality of project organization within the creative departments of advertising agencies. Key words: advertising agency, organizational structure of the creative department, models of creative department organization, matrix structure of the creative department, line-and-functional structure of the creative department, matrix structure with a traffic manager.
Media Education Projects in Italy in the Context of the Formation of Critical Thinking and Digi-tal Communication
The purpose of the study is to analyze media education projects in Italy in the context of the formation of critical thinking and digital communication. Research methodology is based on interdisciplinary, systemic, and communication approaches. The study applies content analysis of official media education platforms, case study analysis of the projects IDMO, CREMIT, fAIr MEDIA, MEDMAS, and Rai Scuola, comparative analysis of online education formats and target audiences, as well as elements of discourse analysis related to the concepts of media literacy, digital literacy, AI literacy, and digital citizenship. The empirical basis includes academic publications, analytical reports, educational platforms, and official resources of Italian and European projects from 2020 to 2026. Results. The results of the study demonstrate that the contemporary Italian model of media education is based on interdisciplinarity, the integration of digital citizenship, the development of critical thinking, and the active implementation of online learning formats. The research identifies MOOCs, e-learning platforms, game-based learning, AI literacy integration, and fact-checking practices as the main trends in Italian media education. It has been established that media education projects in Italy are implemented through cooperation between universities, media organizations, state institutions, and European programs. The study analyzes the structure, funding, trainers, target audiences, educational formats, course topics, certification systems, and online accessibility of the projects IDMO, CREMIT, fAIr MEDIA, MEDMAS, and Rai Scuola. The research also reveals the growing importance of disinformation counteraction, algorithmic literacy, and critical analysis of AI-generated content within Italian media education initiatives. Scientific novelty of the study lies in the systematization of Italian online media education projects of 2020–2026, the identification of the specific features of AI literacy integration into contemporary media education, and the comprehensive analysis of cooperation between universities, state institutions, and media organizations in the formation of digital citizenship. Practical significance of the research consists in the possibility of applying its findings to further studies of European media education models, the development of educational programs in digital literacy, AI literacy, and fact-checking, as well as the improvement of online courses and training programs in digital communication. Key words: media education, media literacy, digital literacy, AI literacy, digital communication, critical thinking, digital citizenship, fake news, online education, Italy.
Transforming the Training of Future Journalists in the Context of War and Digital Challenges
The purpose of the article is to trace the transformation of training future journalists in conditions of war and digital challenges, in particular the development of media literacy, digital security, critical thinking, and project activities using the example of the Department of Journalism of the V. I. Vernadskyi Taurida National University. Methodology. The study used a set of methods: generalization and systematization of theoretical and conceptual mechanisms for implementing mechanisms for training future media professionals, taking into account the trends in their transformation using the current educational program as an example; descriptive method – for detailing changes and mechanisms for training future journalists, taking into account the challenges of time and war, which directly affect Ukrainian education. Results. A review of theoretical and conceptual approaches to the training of student journalists at the Department of Journalism of the V. I. Vernadskyi Taurida National University was carried out as a vivid example of the activities of a relocated university from the temporarily occupied Crimea. The main milestones of the activity are presented, which are based on a combination of theoretical and practical approaches, the implementation of active project activities and a communication policy that promotes communication between the teaching staff and students with the international community. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time, the processes of dynamic changes in the training of future media professionals are comprehensively described, taking into account the trends and challenges of the time for Ukrainian education (using the example of the activities of the Department of Journalism of the V. I. Vernadskyi TNU). The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of increasing the effectiveness of training during the training of future media professionals, as well as in optimizing existing experience for a better understanding of the necessary resources in the field of C7. Key words: Department of Journalism, training of media journalists, project activities, critical thinking, digital and media literacy, relocated University.
Features of Teaching Professional Disciplines to Future Specialists in Document and Infor-mation Communications with Consideration of Clip Thinking
The purpose of this study is to examine the peculiarities of teaching professional disciplines to future specialists in document and information communications in the context of the dominance of «clip» thinking and to identify effective strategies for integrating its consideration into the educational process. Research methodology. The research applied a set of general scientific methods, including the descriptive method (to substantiate the theoretical framework of the study), methods of analysis and synthesis, and the structural method (to generalize and systematize the findings). Results. The findings indicate an increasing overall level of information dependency in society, which is associated both with excessive content saturation and with the rapid development and growing accessibility of information and communication technologies. Under conditions of constant information overload, a fragmented type of perception is formed, characterized by rapid shifts of attention, a reduced capacity for in-depth analysis, and superficial processing of information. These tendencies are particularly evident in higher education, especially in the training of future specialists in document and information communications. At the same time, the range of their professional functions is expanding, including tasks related to the creation and processing of information flows, their analysis, navigation within dynamic document circulation systems, and the обеспечение effective subject interaction. «Clip» thinking creates certain difficulties in mastering educational material, developing professional competencies, and fostering critical thinking. Therefore, there is a need for a scientific understanding of this phenomenon and for the search for effective approaches to organizing the educational process with consideration of the characteristics of contemporary learners. Under the dominance of «clip» thinking, traditional forms of presenting educational material lose their effectiveness. The importance of developing logical and analytical thinking in students is emphasized, as this will contribute to the effective performance of their daily professional tasks and functions. It has been demonstrated that the use of various media formats in lecture delivery increases students’ engagement, enhances concentration, and motivates them to study the academic discipline and engage in research activities. This, in turn, promotes information seeking, deeper comprehension of the material, and encourages further independent research. Novelty. The study focuses on identifying mechanisms for aligning the features of «clip thinking» with the development of professional competencies of future specialists in documentary and information communications during the courses «Creative Technologies in Advertising and PR», «Publishing Management», and «Professional and Business Communications», as well as on justifying the use of innovative technologies for modernizing the teaching of professional disciplines. Practical meaning. The results of the study can be used to develop a methodological foundation for modernizing the teaching of professional disciplines in the training of future specialists in document and information communications under conditions of the widespread influence of «clip» thinking. This approach can promote the activation of students’ independent cognitive activity and enhance their skills in information search and analytical processing. Key words: clip thinking, higher education, professional training, document and information communications, analytical and critical thinking, professional disciplines.